媒体伦理与法律:一起,但不平等

Genelle I. Belmas
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摘要

试图跨越语境和大洲来追踪作者的论点,以便弄清楚哪些问题适用于哪里。在这方面,关于庇护法的章节尤其有问题,并且无意中暗示了混合伦理和法律讨论(以及可能的全球伦理方法)的不兼容性。在我看来,作者们往往在伦理等式的“道德困境”方面犯了太多错误,而关于新闻业作为一个机构的角色和责任的更广泛的问题往往排在第二位,而不是围绕“面对x时该怎么做?”最后一章为决策过程提供了一个完整的框架,就像我在任何伦理学文本中看到的那样,但奇怪的是,它对伦理学理论的阐述很浅。更令人失望的是,前几章有力地证明了理论是“记者和新闻系学生的重要基础”(第7页),而迷人的——对我来说,完全合理的——辩证法似乎是事后才想到的。因此,这本书的开头和结尾之间存在着某种脱节。在我看来,可能有两个独立的作品在这篇文章中发挥作用;第一,考察(马克思主义)历史唯物主义对新闻伦理的贡献;第二,一篇帮助新闻专业学生和专业人士应对道德困境的文章。单独来看,它们都是强有力的著作(前者将对规范理论做出实质性贡献)。然而,在一起,我们似乎两者兼得。也就是说,这篇文章写得很吸引人,很全面。它将吸引学生和专业人士。全球合作的雄心值得称赞,即使它带来了一些问题。然而,总的来说,我还是希望在书的开头介绍的批判的边缘一直被强有力地保持着。对于这个评论者来说,这是一个错失的机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Media Ethics and Law: Together, but Unequal
trying to track the authors’ arguments across contexts and continents in order to make sense of what issues are applicable to where. The chapter on shield laws is especially problematic in this regard and inadvertently serves to suggest the incompatibility of blending ethical and legal discussions (and, perhaps, global approaches to ethics). For my liking, the authors tended to err too much on the “ethical dilemmas” side of the ethics equation, and broader issues about the roles and responsibilities of journalism as an institution tended to play second fiddle to meanderings around “what to do when faced with x?” The last chapter provides as thorough a framework for a decision-making process as I have seen in any ethics text, yet it is curiously light on ethics theory. This is all the more disappointing as the earlier chapters make a forceful case for theory as “an important foundation for journalists and journalism students” (p. 7) and the fascinating—and, for me, wholly sound—dialectic approach seems an afterthought. There is thus something of a disconnect between how the book begins and how it ends. It seems to me that there are probably two separate works at play in this text; the first, an examination of the contribution of (Marxist) historical materialism to journalism ethics and, second, a text helping journalism students and professionals navigate ethical dilemmas. Separately, they would be strong works (the first would contribute substantively to normative theory). Together, however, we seem to get the best of neither. That said, this text is engagingly written and thorough. It would appeal to students and professionals. The global approach is to be commended for its ambition, even if it raises some problems. Overall, however, I was left wishing that the critical edge introduced early in the book had been forcefully maintained throughout. For this reviewer, this was a missed opportunity.
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