Molar incisor hypomineralization: Prevalence and defect characteristics in Indian schoolchildren

Objectives: To report the prevalence and clinical features of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in 8-12-year-old Indian schoolchildren. Study Design: A cross-sectional survey including a random sample of 1,240 schoolchildren aged 8-12 years from Gautam Budh Nagar was conducted. The examination was performed by a single, well-trained calibrated examiner in wet conditions using an artificial light source. The diagnostic criteria were set as per the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) 2003 criteria. Restorative treatment needs (RTN) owing to MIH were calculated as the number of affected subjects with post-eruptive breakdown (PEB), quantitative loss of tooth substance, or caries owing to MIH. The descriptive data were expressed as mean ± SD and/or n (%). For data analysis, the t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used. Results: A prevalence of 10.48% (130/1240) was reported, with RTNs in 42.31% (55/130). Buccal surfaces were the most commonly affected surfaces (P < 0.001), while white opacity was the commonest lesion (P < 0.001). Both the arches were equally affected (P = 0.212), with mandibular first permanent molars (FPMs) being the most frequently affected type of teeth (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The present study reported a prevalence of 10.48% with RTNs in 42.31% of the affected subjects. Further studies mapping the prevalence from various other geographical areas of India are required.