全球外部环境转型下跨国公司战略发展的变化载体

Liliia Makhova
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摘要

本文研究了在技术创新、经济全球化和人口结构等外部环境变化的影响下,跨国公司战略发展载体的变化。一个多极世界已经出现,经济发展的载体正在向亚洲转移,而亚洲的主要力量是中国和印度。事实证明,信息技术的快速发展从根本上改变了创造新价值的本质:技术变革和大规模创新的步伐正在加快,在高科技产业中,知识正在成为一种关键资源。全球化改变了跨国公司对公司发展战略与某些业务部门发展战略比例的看法。跨国公司今天的活动的特点不是创造新的外国工业和收购现有的有前途的公司。经济实力使最大的现代跨国公司能够显著地推动公司的边界。这就决定了现代跨国公司的特征是多元化的、广泛多元化的控股结构和巨大的经济能力,这些结构与母公司包括众多的国外分支机构和子公司一起,在创建过程中占据主导地位。附加价值和劳动分工导致通过转移定价等特殊机制获得和维持垄断利润,其特征是全球财产单一所有权的存在,反映了国际(跨国)金融精英的形成。同时,全球跨国公司的许多特征是由行业特征决定的。结论是,跨国公司正在考虑到信息经济的需要,对其活动进行战略转变。领先的跨国公司活动的最重要方面与创新、财务业务、先进的管理技术、无形资产的增长有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CHANGING VECTORS OF TNC´S STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE GLOBAL EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATION
The article considers the change of vectors of strategic development of TNCs under the influence of global transformation of the external environment due to technological innovations, economic globalization and demographic. A multipolar world has emerged, in which the vector of economic development is moving to Asia, where the main forces are China and India. It is substantiated that the rapid development of information technology radically changes the very essence of creating new values: the pace of technological change and mass introduction of innovations is growing, in high-tech industries knowledge is becoming a key resource. Globalization has changed the approaches of TNCs to the ratio of corporate development strategy and development strategies of certain business units. The activities of TNCs today are not characterized by the creation of new foreign industries, and the acquisition of existing promising firms. Economic power allows the largest modern TNCs to significantly push the boundaries of the company. It is determined that the characteristic features of modern TNCs are that they are diversified broadly diversified holding structures with huge economic capacity, which, along with the parent company includes numerous foreign branches and subsidiaries, occupying a dominant position in the process of creation. additional value and division of labor, which leads to obtaining and maintaining through transfer pricing and other special mechanisms of monopoly profits, which are characterized by the existence of a single title of global property, reflecting the formation of international (transnational) financial elite. At the same time, many features of global TNCs are determined by industry characteristics. It is concluded that TNCs are moving to a strategic transformation of their activities taking into account the needs of the information economy. The most important aspects of the activities of leading TNCs are related to innovation, financial operations, advanced management techniques, growth of intangible assets.
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