Technological Advances and the Sea Surveyor

During the 19th century there w ere few changes in technology in the hydrographic field. The sextant and station-pointers fo r fix ing the position o f the craft and the lead and line fo r sounding were in use at the end o f the century as they had been at the beginning. The invention o f w iresounding machines during the last quarter o f the century fo r ocean sounding in advance o f cable-laying operations was the only m ajor innovation.