Self Regulation of Electrical Power Systems

For approximately the first five to fifteen seconds, the system frequency following a generation loss is determined by Inertia, Self Regulation, and Governor Response. The results of analysis of significant frequency events indicates that the analytic duplication of the frequency curves recorded for these events would not be possible unless the system is attributed values of Self Regulation that are significantly higher than those attributed to it by current literature. This raises the question as to where the higher values of Self Regulation derive from. After establishing that a negative Self Regulation is very important to the ability of the system to recover from generation loss disturbances and that the reliable operation of a system would be very difficult with a zero or positive Self Regulation, it is shown that another source of Self Regulation is the output power versus frequency characteristics of steam and water turbines. It is noted that the method used in this paper to calculate system Inertia, Self Regulation, and Governor Response appears to be the first one reported in the literature that extracts these parameters directly from system measurements of frequency.