恰加斯病

M. Miles
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引用次数: 0

摘要

克氏锥虫是引起恰加斯病的原生动物寄生虫,是一种具有许多哺乳动物宿主和媒介物种的人畜共患感染。它通过粘膜或被吸血锥蝽虫感染的粪便污染的皮肤传播给人类,也通过输血、器官移植、经胎盘和被感染形式污染的食物口服传播给人类。它在哺乳动物细胞内,特别是在心脏和平滑肌细胞内以无乳鞭毛体的形式繁殖(假囊肿),从中产生有鞭毛的无乳鞭毛体重新侵入细胞或在血液中循环。拉丁美洲约有1000万人受到感染;输入性病例和先天性病例可能在其他地方发生。经证实的控制家蝇虱的方法包括喷洒杀虫剂(使用拟除虫菊酯)、健康教育、社区支持和改善房屋。儿童血清学监测可发现残留的地方性疫源地或先天性传播,对监测控制规划的成功与否至关重要。没有疫苗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chagas disease
Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease, is a zoonotic infection with many mammal host and vector species. It is transmitted to humans by contamination of mucous membranes or abraded skin with infected faeces of bloodsucking triatomine bugs, also by blood transfusion, organ transplantation, transplacentally, and orally by food contaminated with infective forms. It multiplies intracellularly (pseudocysts) as amastigotes in mammalian cells, particularly heart and smooth muscle, from which flagellated trypomastigotes emerge to reinvade cells or circulate in blood. Around 10 million people are infected in Latin America; imported cases and congenital cases may occur elsewhere. Proven methods of controlling domestic triatomine bugs include insecticide spraying (with pyrethroids), health education, community support, and house improvement. Serological surveillance of children detects residual endemic foci or congenital transmission and is vital for monitoring the success of control programmes. There is no vaccine.
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