Ultrasound of the Scrotum

Chapter in US textbook about ultrasound of scrotum with emphasis on differentiation of orchitis and torsion, as well as on various intra and extratesticular masses. Imaging the contents of the scrotum remains firmly within the realm of ultrasonography despite the introduction and extensive use of more sophisticated imaging techniques. Ultrasonography is the first-line and frequently the only imaging modality employed in the assessment of scrotal abnormalities. Technical advances in transducer design and image processing has further improved the quality of diagnosis of diseases of the scrotal contents, with colour Doppler adding important information and newer techniques (contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography) awaiting further evaluation. This chapter will deal with aspects related to the testis and epididymis, detailing with both normal sonographic features and those features related to disease processes.