Service-Oriented IoT Modeling and Its Deviation from Software Services

Service technologies have been widely applied to many application domains to facilitate rapid system composition and deployment. However, existing service models need to be enhanced in order to be used in Internet-of-Things (IoT). Also, due to the massive-scale, IoT service discovery and composition cannot be centralized. Existing discovery routing protocols for peer-to-peer systems have their shortcomings and need to be improved. In this paper, we analyze the differences between IoT services and software services and identify the requirements for designing IoT service models that are additional to software service models. We then discuss a service ontology model for the specification of IoT services. For IoT service discovery, we survey existing discovery routing approaches, including those for conventional peer-to-peer networks and for IoT systems and discuss the potential problems when used in IoT networks. Then, we discuss our approach, summarization and ontology coding, which greatly reduce the memory requirements of the routing protocols, for the IoT networks.