Grzegorz Dziamski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

美学的蜕变许多美学讲师认为,与其说他们讲座的主题是美学,不如说是美学的历史,柏拉图和亚里士多德、康德和黑格尔、休谟和伯克、英国趣味哲学家和德国浪漫主义者的美学观点。这是否意味着美学是由它自己的过去滋养的,是由对经典的重新诠释滋养的,是为那些不再激发任何人灵感的概念和类别辩护的吗?它们不是开辟了新的认知视角吗?这是否意味着美学今天已经死了,就像拉丁语或梵语一样,它对艺术和美的看法已经过时,过时,完全无用?斯蒂芬·莫拉夫斯基在《美学的黄昏》选集的导言中说:所谓的还是真实的?他写道,他不知道18世纪鲍姆加滕开创的美学思想史。今天,我们可以越来越多地遇到这样的做法。许多作者认为,在18世纪下半叶,现代美学作为一门感官科学诞生了,我们的高级感官(视觉、听觉)和低级感官(味觉、嗅觉、触觉)如何促进我们对世界的认识。在这里引用的选集的引言中,斯蒂芬·莫拉夫斯基将美学的历史分为四个长短不一的时期。Morawski图似乎是定义不断变化的美学对象的一个方便的起点。莫拉斯基所划分的第一个时期是最长的时期,从古希腊到启蒙运动,可以称为审美思想史;第二个时期是哲学美学;第三个时期是作为自主学科的美学解放和制度化的时期;第四个时期是超越古典美学限制的时期。
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Przemiany estetyki
Metamorphosis of Aesthetics Many aesthetic lecturers feel that the subject of their lectures is not so much aesthetics as the history of aesthetics, the aesthetic views of Plato and Aristotle, Kant and Hegel, Hume and Burke, British philosophers of taste and German romantics. Does this mean that aesthetics is nourished by its own past, nourished by reinterpretations of its classics, defends concepts and categories that no longer inspire anyone? Don’t they open up new cognitive perspectives? Does this mean that aesthetics is dead today, like Latin or Sanskrit, and that its vision of art and beauty is outdated, out of date and completely useless? Stefan Morawski in the introduction to the anthology Twilight of Aesthetics – Alleged or Authentic? he wrote that he did not know the history of aesthetic thought that would begin in the eighteenth century with Baumgarten. Today we can meet with such an approach more and more often. Many authors assume that in the second half of the 18th century, modern aesthetics was born as a science of senses, how our higher (sight, hearing) and lower senses (taste, smell, touch) contribute to our knowledge of the world. In the introduction to the anthology cited here, Stefan Morawski divides the history of aesthetics into four periods of unequal length. The Morawski diagram seems to be a convenient starting point for defining the changing object of aesthetics. The first of the periods distinguished by Morawski is the longest one, lasting from Ancient Greece to Enlightenment, can be called the history of aesthetic thought, the second is philosophical aesthetics, the third is a time of emancipation and institutionalization of aesthetics as autonomous discipline, and the fourth period leads beyond the limits of classical aesthetics.
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