自由贸易协定对中小企业直接和间接出口的影响

Kyong Hyun Koo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

众所周知,自由贸易协定对成员国之间的贸易创造有很大的积极影响。但是,与大企业相比,中小企业在自由贸易协定创造的贸易中所占的比重尚不清楚。我们发现,2005年至2017年间,韩国的自贸协定政策显著增加了中小企业对自贸协定伙伴国的直接出口,尽管其效果高达中小企业对自贸协定伙伴国的一半,这表明中小企业在自贸协定的直接出口效应中存在相当大的溢价。我们进一步发现,自贸协定还显著增加了韩国企业的间接出口,即通过产业投入产出联系增加了国内投入供给,中小企业从自贸协定的间接出口效应中获益大于中小企业。综合考虑直接出口效应和间接出口效应,可以发现自由贸易协定总出口效应中的低成本溢价变小。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Effects of Free Trade Agreements on Smes’ Direct and Indirect Exports
FTAs have been known to have large positive effects on trade creation between member countries. However, it is relatively unexplored how much small/medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) accounted for in the trade creation due to FTAs compared to large-sized enterprises (LEs). We find that Korean FTA policies have significantly increased SMEs’ direct exports to FTA partner countries between 2005 and 2017, although the effects were as much as a half of those for LEs, which indicates a considerable LEs’ premium in the direct export effects of FTAs. We further find that the FTAs also significantly increased the indirect exports of Korean firms, i.e., the domestic input supplies through in-dustrial input-output linkage, and that SMEs have benefited more from the indirect export effects of FTAs than LEs. Considering the direct and indirect export effects together, the LEs’ premium in the total export effects of FTA is found to become smaller.
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