Diagnostic Performance of 18F-FDG PET or PET-CT in Multiple Myeloma: ASystematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objectives: Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic performance of 18Ffluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) or PET-computed tomography (PET-CT) in multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: A comprehensive literature search about studies that published till July 2015 was performed. Methodological quality of each study was assessed. The meta-regression and subgroup analysis was applied to assess the heterogeneity of between-study. A meta-analysis was used to state sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), area under the curve (AUC), summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and Ca* indexes with statistical software. Results: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria in this meta-analysis, which comprise a total of 492 patients. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of 18F-FDG PET or PET-CT in multiple myeloma were 0.870 (95% CI, 0.825-0.907), 0.937 (95% CI, 0.892-0.967), and the AUC and the Ca* index were 0.9332, 0.869, respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of PET in multiple myeloma were 0.94495% CI, 0.887-0.977) and 0.990 (95% CI, 0.947-1.000), and the AUC and the Ca* index were 0.98, 0.95, respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for PET-CT in multiple myeloma were 0.813 (95% CI, 0.743-0.870) and 0.875 (95% CI, 0.787-0.936), and the AUC and the Ca* index were 0.88, 0.82, respectively. The funnel plots suggested the publication bias may exist. Conclusions: The whole-body 18F-FDG PET or PET-CT were imaging methods with high accuracy in differential diagnosis of multiple myeloma patients.