苏拉河下游(新索尔斯基国家自然公园边界地区)景观的植物多样性与科学监测

O. Rak, K. Derevska, Yelyzaveta Myryzhuk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文对新索尔斯基国家自然公园边区相邻区域的植物区系多样性进行了分析。获得的新数据可以确定草甸-草原景观的生态状态,以及缓冲区边缘受干扰土地的可能用途。在国家自然公园设立保护区的必要性已得到证明。这将有助于及时评估景观的生态状况;防止对保护区产生负面影响,并在未来将其纳入受保护领土的组成。对新索尔斯基国家公园南部边境地区受干扰土地的植物多样性研究和监测表明,在人为负荷增加或恢复农业经营的情况下,南部边境地区存在盐碱化、植物多样性贫瘠和土壤退化的威胁。已经确定,在“Ivanivski Ozera”景观综合区内,也在“Nyzhnosulskyi”国家自然公园内,稀有的红色植物在农民的机械和化学干预下消失了。一些盐生植物和其他具有深根或分枝根的草原植物保留了下来。考虑到伊万尼夫斯克湖地区地势的特点、气候的干旱化和奥波隆洼地下苏拉地区土壤盐碱化的速度,以及在进一步耕作的条件下,该地区将变成盐沼。土壤盐碱化的区域将延伸到公园的领土,这将导致植物群落的不可逆转的变化,盐沼的出现和更多的盐生植物的出现。对自然保护区边缘地带受干扰土地的科学监测表明,为了保护和保护苏拉河漫滩和草甸沼泽生态系统,有必要对景观生态变化进行系统的研究和及时的预测;预防和消除对植物保护区的负面影响。此外,建议将缓冲区的土地作为国家自然公园保护区的一部分,并确定旨在保护和恢复土地资源的措施的有效性程度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Floristic diversity and scientific monitoring of landscapes lower Sula river (border areas of Nyzhnosulskyi National Nature Park)
The paper analyzes the floristic diversity of certain adjacent areas of the border zone of the Nyzhnosulskyi National Nature Park. The obtained new data made it possible to determine the ecological state of the meadow-steppe landscape, as well as the possible use of disturbed lands bordering the buffer zone. The necessity of introducing a protective zone of the National Nature Park has been proven. This will allow to timely assess the ecological state of landscapes; to prevent negative consequences for the protected areas, and in the future to include them in the composition of the protected territory. The conducted studies of floristic diversity and monitoring of disturbed lands in the southern border zones of the Nyzhnosulskyi National Park made it possible to state that there are threats of salinization, impoverishment of floristic diversity, and soil degradation for the southern border area under conditions of increased anthropogenic load or resumption of agricultural operations. It has been established that rare and red-listed plants within the landscape complex “Ivanivski Ozera”, which are also known within the National Nature Park “Nyzhnosulskyi”, have disappeared under the influence of mechanical and chemical intervention by farmers. Some halophytes and other steppe plants with deep or branched root systems remained. Taking into account the peculiarities of the relief of the territory of the Ivanivskі Lakes, the aridization of the climate and the speed of soil salinization processes in the lower Sula within the Obolon depression and under the conditions of further ploughing of the land, the territory will turn into salt marshes. The area of soil salinization will extend to the territory of the Park, which will lead to irreversible changes in the phytocoenosis and the appearance of salt marshes and an even greater number of halophytes. Scientific monitoring of the disturbed lands of the border zone of the nature reserve confirms that for the preservation and protection of floodplain complexes of the Sula River and meadow-swamp ecosystems, it is necessary to provide systematic research and a timely forecast of ecological changes in landscapes; prevention and elimination of negative consequences for protected floristic areas. In addition, it is advisable to include the lands of the buffer zone as part of the protected area of the National Nature Park and determine the degree of effectiveness of measures aimed at the preservation and restoration of land resources.
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