Association of Anthropometric and Biochemical Factors with Bone Mineral Density in Korean Adult Women Data from the Fourth (2008~2009) and Fifth (2010~2011) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES IV & V)

ABSTRACT The main purpose of this study was to investigate factors that affect bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean adult women (20∼80≤ yr). Data on BMD, anthropometric (height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat), and biochemical (total cholesterol, vitamin D, and alkaline phosphatase) meas-urements were obtained from the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES, 2008∼2011). Overall, the BMD of subjects had decreased from year to year: the T-scores de-creased from 0.657 (2008∼2009) to 0.295 (2010∼2011) in 40∼49 yr group and from 0.076 to －0.081 in 50∼59 yr group. Age was negatively associated with BMD (T-scores of 0.388 in 20∼29 yr group and －1.952 in ≥80 yr group for total femoral). BMD continuously increased with increased weight and body mass index (BMI). High values of total cholesterol (T-scores of －0.005 in 201∼229 mg/dL group and －0.094 in ≥230 mg/dL group for total femoral) and alkaline phosphatase (T-scores of 0.481 in ≥102 IU/L group and －0.674 in ≥336 IU/L group for total femoral) were associated with lower BMD. Overall height, weight, and BMI were positively associated with BMD, whereas total cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were neg-atively associated with BMD. Findings of the present study show that bone loss may be associated with vari-ous factors such as age, weight, BMI, total cholesterol, and ALP et al., and that much attention should be paid to bone health of adult women. Therefore, practical and systematic programs are required to improve the BMD of adult women as well as to maintain healthy bone levels.