A VANET based Smart Car Parking System to Minimize Searching Time, Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emission

With the increasing number of vehicles in the last decade, car parking in congested areas and cities has become a big challenge. To resolve this problem, researchers have proposed Smart Parking System (SPS) which integrate new techniques and approaches into the traditional parking system. A SPS merges traditional parking with Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless sensor network (WSN) and other hardware. All type of existing SPSs are efficient and increase the performance, however the installation cost is too high due to which the system is not used widely. In this paper, a Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) based routing algorithm for SPS is proposed called Updating Block Route Algorithm (UBRA). It works by detecting congestion and by calculating the average speed of the vehicles. The proposed UBRA updates the route with a congestion less route and has low installation cost. Furthermore, it offers minimization of parking area searching time, fuel consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission. The results and show that proposed UBRA saves up to 23.6%, fuel consumption and 9% CO2 emission when compared with existing approach.