若干类型货车与轨道的相互作用动力学

A. Shvets
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的。现代马车队的一个基本特征是规模庞大。对于整个铁路车辆车队来说,即使是最小的结构变化也会产生巨大的影响。本研究的目的是在考虑装载方式和运行速度的情况下,从理论上研究各类货运车辆车体的惯性特性对其主要动力学指标和与轨道结构的相互作用指标的影响。方法。采用数学和计算机建模的方法,对12-532型吊斗车、12-4034型煤斗车和13-401型平车在18-100型标准转向架上以50 ~ 90 km/h的速度在中小半径弯道上行驶时的动载荷进行了理论研究。发现。对货运车辆与轨道的动态特性及相互作用指标的理论研究进行了分析。在理论研究过程中,通过建立模型,考虑货车在不同加载模式下的振荡过程,得到了主要动力学指标对运动速度的依赖关系。创意。为解决铁路车辆动力学预测及其与轨道相互作用指标的预测问题,首次探索了不同类型货运车辆车身惯性特性和装载方式对车辆动载荷的影响。得到了考虑中小半径弯曲轨道段运动速度的理论研究结果。实用价值。给出的计算结果,为解决营运车队现代化和提高运力储备问题,确定自重、质心高度、车基长度等参数的最优值提供了可能。为解决轨道车辆现代化优化方向问题提供了可能;为制造新的和现代化的货运车辆创造技术条件,旨在提高现代铁路运输条件下运输过程的可靠性和安全性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
INTERACTION DYNAMICS OF SOME TYPES OF FREIGHT CARS WITH A RAILWAY TRACK
Purpose. An integral and essential feature of the modern wagon fleet is its large scale. For the entire fleet of rolling stock, even the smallest structural changes take on enormous proportions. The aim of the work is a theoretical study of the influence of the inertial characteristics of bodies of various types of freight rolling stock, taking into account the loading mode and the movement speed, on their main dynamic and interaction indicators with the track structure. Methodology. Theoretical studies were carried out by the method of mathematical and computer modeling of the dynamic load during the movement of some types of freight cars: gondola cars model 12-532, hopper cars for transporting coal model 12-4034 and flat wagons model 13-401 on standard bogies 18-100 at speeds in the range from 50 to 90 km/h on curves of small and medium radii. Findings. The analysis of theoretical studies of the dynamic qualities and interaction indicators of freight rolling stock and the railway track is presented. In the course of theoretical studies and after modeling taking into account the oscillation processes of freight cars at different loading modes the dependences of the main dynamic indicators on the movement speed were obtained. Originality. The influence of inertial characteristics of bodies of various types of freight rolling stock and loading modes on the dynamic load of a car was first explored in order to solve the problem of predicting the rolling stock dynamics and indicators of its interaction with the track. The results of theoretical studies taking into account the movement speed along curved track sections of small and medium radius were obtained. Practical value. The presented calculation results make it possible to determine the optimal values of such parameters as dead weight, height of the mass center and car base length when solving the problems of modernizing the operated car fleet and determining the reserves for increasing their carrying capacity. They make it possible to solve the problems of finding the optimal directions for modernizing the rail vehicle; contribute to the creation of technical conditions for the manufacture of new and modernization of the operated freight cars and are aimed at increasing the level of reliability and safety of the transportation process in modern conditions on the railway transport.
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