营养干预预防和治疗神经系统疾病,如焦虑、双相情感障碍、抑郁症、癫痫、多发性硬化症和精神分裂症

Madireddy Sahithi, Madireddy Samskruthi
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引用次数: 1

摘要

神经系统疾病是世界各地死亡和残疾的一个重要原因。当前的人口老龄化和人口扩张导致焦虑、双相情感障碍、抑郁症、癫痫、多发性硬化症和精神分裂症等神经和精神疾病的患病率上升。这些构成了重大的社会负担,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。许多神经系统疾病机制复杂,缺乏明确的治疗方法;因此,提高我们对它们的理解是必不可少的。神经系统疾病的病理生理学通常包括炎症、线粒体功能障碍和氧化应激。氧化应激过程,特别是活性氧的产生,是神经系统疾病发展的关键机制。氧化应激是指活性氧和抗氧化剂之间产生的不平衡。通过它们对神经系统疾病病理生理的影响,具有抗炎、神经保护和抗氧化特性的营养素被认为可以预防或减轻这些疾病。某些维生素、矿物质、多酚类和类黄酮类可以作为辅助治疗神经系统疾病的治疗效果。饮食质量也是一些神经和精神疾病的风险因素,解决营养缺乏可能会减轻症状。因此,优化营养摄入可能是一种潜在的治疗或预防策略。本文综述了一些在预防和改善神经系统疾病方面有前景的营养物质,为科学家、临床医生和患者提供一个总结,从而提高对营养物质在神经系统疾病治疗中的潜在益处的认识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nutritional interventions for the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and schizophrenia
Neurological disorders are a significant cause of mortality and disability across the world. The current aging population and population expansion have seen an increase in the prevalence of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia. These pose a significant societal burden, especially in low - and middle-income countries. Many neurological disorders have complex mechanisms and lack definitive cures; thus, improving our understanding of them is essential. The pathophysiology of neurological disorders often includes inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress processes, especially the generation of reactive oxygen species, are key mechanisms in the development of neurological disorders. Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants that can counteract them. Through their impacts on the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, nutrients with anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antioxidative properties have been suggested to prevent or mitigate these disorders. Certain vitamins, minerals, polyphenols and flavonoids may have therapeutic effects as adjuvant treatments for neurological disorders. Diet quality is also a risk factor for some neurological and psychiatric disorders and addressing nutritional deficiencies may alleviate symptoms. Therefore, optimizing nutritional intake may represent a potential treatment or prevention strategy. This review summarizes a selection of promising nutrients for the prevention and amelioration of neurological disorders to provide a summary for scientists, clinicians and patients, which may improve understanding of the potential benefits of nutrients in the treatment of neurological disorders.
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