Noise simulation for intensity correlation towards high-orbit satellite imaging

Due to the low-brightness and long-interval characteristics of GEO satellite, its image can't be obtained by conventional single-dish telescopes. An alternative is intensity correlation imaging method which can obtain high resolution image without using high-precision mirrors. But the signal to noise ratio is quite low when observing high-orbit satellite. In this paper, analysis and simulations is done to clarify the origin of noise, and the theory and history of intensity correlation is described. Simulations shows that the shot noise in photovoltaic conversion process introduce the most noise of measured spatial frequency modulus and partial coherence deviation caused by expanded light-collecting mirrors. The area of mirrors should be optimized by the diameter and brightness of satellite to obtain minimum mean square error of measured data.