Performance Analysis of TDOA and FDOA for Missile Tracking Application Using Extended Kalman Filter

Missile position is usually determined using radars and electro-optic tracking systems for evaluation and ensuring safety. However, using time difference of arrival (TDOA) and Frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) techniques, telemetry stations can be used as an additional resource for position determination. Due to the non-linear measurement equation, the standard Kalman filter could not be used for improving the precision. This paper demonstrates the use of an extended Kalman filter for the performance evaluation of TDOA and FDOA schemes using non-collinearly located stationary receiver stations with their positions known. The effect of variance of measurement noise and the effect of the number of receiver stations is simulated using Matlab. From the simulation results, it is evident that the FDOA technique is more sensitive as compared to the TDOA technique.