威廉·布莱克《四个琐亚斯》中的创造神话

Hossein Moradi
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摘要

诺斯罗普·弗莱在他的《四琐亚斯》中了解到创造神话的循环版本根据这个版本,人类生活在天堂,与上帝统一,未堕落的状态;然后他堕落了,失去了与上帝的和谐,堕落的状态;他应该在《启示录》或《最后审判》中恢复之前未堕落的状态。与Fry不同的是,当我想到Maurice Blanchot的时候,我认为Blake创造了一个新的创造神话,不同于循环的神话,他把注意力集中在Blake所说的Beulah,作为精神和物质存在之间的中间阶段。在非原初状态下,比乌拉是超越《永恒》和地球生命中的辩证法和二元论的永恒创造状态,是一种生成。对布莱克来说,这证明实体不是被创造出来以独立的自我状态表现出来的,而是与他者的关系。这使得自我和不确定性同时可能存在。比乌拉本身是存在的全部和唯一的空间,它从自身内部打开自己。包括上帝在内的所有实体都处于相互关系中,同时又处于延续(相互关系)中的中断(获得自我)过程中。这说明布莱克的新创造神话避开了循环创造神话的原始危机。他还提出了一种新的关系观念。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Myth of Creation in William Blake's The Four Zoas
Northrop Frye knows the cyclic version of creation myth in his reading of The Four Zoas according to which the human lives in heaven unified with God, unfallen state; he then falls and loses the harmony had with God, fallen state; and he should restore the previous unfallen state in Apocalypse or Last Judgment. Unlike Fry, while thinking of Maurice Blanchot I argue that Blake has created a new myth of creation different from the cyclic one by focusing on what Blake calls Beulah as the stage intermediate between spiritual and physical existence. In the non-original state, Beulah is the state of perpetual creation beyond dialectic and dualism known in Eternity and the life on the earth, a sort of becoming. For Blake, this proves that entities are not created to be manifested in the state of independent selfhood, but they are in relation with the others. This makes both selfhood and indefiniteness simultaneously possible to exist. It is Beulah itself which is all and the only space of existence opening itself from within itself. All entities including God are in interrelationship while being in the process of interruption (acquiring selfhood) within continuation (interrelationship) simultaneously. This demonstrates Blake's new myth of creation avoiding the primal crisis of the cyclic myth of creation. He has also introduced a new idea of relationship.
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