葡萄牙语中的“头”:欧洲和巴西葡萄牙语中的隐喻

Aleksandra Wilkos, M. Carvalho
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引用次数: 1

摘要

一段时间以来,我们的身体和语言之间的关系成为认知语言学研究的一个对象。我们依靠身体来理解单词,没有身体就不会产生基本概念。我们通过身体感知来体验世界,如果没有我们拥有的众多感官,这一壮举是不可能实现的。所有传统上公认的五种感官(视觉、听觉、味觉、嗅觉和躯体感觉)都可以用我们身体的一个部位来感知:我们的头部。失去这个身体部位就等于死亡,所以它对我们来说无疑是至关重要的。我们感知到的知觉经验赋予了简单的生命,后来又赋予了复杂的概念。因此,我们的概念不可避免地与我们的身体联系在一起,并且主要是在我们最复杂的器官:大脑中被创造和(再)转化。由于我们不能直接进入我们的心理过程,我们只能分析许多认知过程的表现,例如语言的使用。我们可以说Ronald Langacker(以及其他认知语言学家)对概念化一词的理解相当广泛:“它既包括新概念,也包括固定概念;感觉、动觉和情感体验;对即时环境(社会的、身体的和语言的)的识别;等等”。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
‘Head(s)’ in Portuguese: the Metaphor in European and Brazilian Portuguese
The relationship between our body and our language has become an object of cognitive linguistic studies for a while now. We us our bodies to get to know the words and without the body no primary concept would emerge. We experience the world through our body perception, a feat that would be impossible without a multitude of senses we possess. all of five traditionally recognized senses (vision, hearing, gustation, olfaction and somatosensation) can be perceived with one part of our body: our head. losing this body part equals death, so it is undoubtedly crucial for us. The perceptual experience perceived by us gave life to simple and, later on, complex conceptualizations. Our conceptualization is therefore inevitably linked with our bodies and is created and (re) transformed mainly to our most complex organ: the brain. Since we cannot access our mental processes directly, we can only analyze the manifestations of many cognitive processes, such a s language use. We's like to state that Ronald Langacker (as well as other cognitive linguistics) understand the term conceptualization quite broadly: "it encompasses novel conceptions as well as fixed concepts; sensory, kinesthetic, and emotive experience; recognition of the immediate context (social, physical, and linguistic); and so on".
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