Effects of different zygomatic implant body surface roughness and implant length on stress distribution

Among factors to contribute for the primary implant stability are implant design parameters as well as implant body surface condition. Through this study, the stress distribution within bone around implant will be investigated under variation of implant lengths and surface conditions by using three dimensional finite element analysis. Six finite element models involving three different zygomatic implant lengths - 46.5 mm, 41.5 mm and 36.5 mm with a smooth surface and rough surface of implant body have been analyzed. Three dimensional models of craniofacial including soft tissue and prosthesis were constructed from computed tomography (CT) images datasets. The implant models were developed using computer-aided design (CAD) software and all models were analyzed via finite element analysis software. A 230N of vertical force was applied on top surface of prosthesis in second premolar region and a masseter load of 300N applied at zygomatic arch. The result showed that the increase of zygomatic implant length shows an ability to reduce both cortical and cancellous bone stress. Besides, the use of rough implant surface has resulted in reduction of stress value at bone-implant interface as well as at surrounding bone. The alveolar bone seems to play a lesser significant role in the zygomatic implant anchorage compared to the zygomatic bone.