Field Test on Energy Flows in Residential Buildings with PV Systems, Heat Pump Based Heating and Battery Electric Car Operation

Residential buildings are now often equipped with photovoltaic systems (PV) and heat pump based heating. Increasingly, battery electric vehicles (BEV) are used for mobility, which are charged regularly using home electricity. Both, the heat pump based heating and the electric vehicle are major consumers for a household. The photovoltaic system used should cover the corresponding energy requirements as far as possible. However, the currently feasible energy storage capacity in the private sector is not sufficient to balance the load profiles of consumers in the seasonal course in such a way that autarkic operation (i.e. no connection to the power grid) is economically and technically possible. In this article, the results of a one-year field test on the energy flows of a residential building with a photo-voltaic system, a heat pump based heating system and a battery electric vehicle are evaluated with regard to the seasonal load profiles and conclusions are drawn accordingly.