遗传学和人口历史。伊比利亚半岛和巴斯克人的“起源”

J. Bertranpetit
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类种群遗传学的主要挑战之一是重建不同尺度的人类种群历史,从现代人类的起源到特定群体的历史。在所有情况下,来自其他历史科学(包括考古学、语言学和体质人类学)的信息都应该与人口历史的独特框架相匹配。Cavalli-Sforza在定义这一问题方面发挥了先锋作用,并将经典遗传标记和统计方法的数据库整合在一起,使遗传方法具有高度相关性。研究的问题之一涉及巴斯克人口,确定其独特性和“起源”。就像在许多其他领域一样,在过去的几十年里,通过增加大量的DNA信息和统计分析来证实或纠正最初的假设,该领域的研究取得了蓬勃发展。在巴斯克人的情况下,没有强烈的外部遗传影响的分化已被证实是由于隔离,而不是前新石器时代,目前可以追溯到铁器时代,只有大约2500年前。基于:Bertranpetit J, Cavalli-Sforza LL。伊比利亚半岛人口历史的基因重建。Ann Hum Genet 1991;55:51 - 67。”
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genetics and population history. The case of the Iberian Peninsula and the “origin” of Basques
One of the main challenges of human population genetics has been the reconstruction of the population history of humans at different scales, from the origin of the modern humans to the history of specific groups. In all cases information from other historical sciences (including archaeology, linguistics and physical anthropology) should match in the unique frame of population history. Cavalli-Sforza, had a pioneering role in defining the problem and putting together a database of classical genetic markers and statistical methods to make the genetic approach of high relevance. One of the problems studied refers to the Basque population, establishing its distinctiveness and “origin”. As in many other settings, research in the area in the last few decades has flourished by adding much DNA information and statistical analysis to corroborate or correct the initial hypotheses. In the case of the Basques, the differentiation without strong external genetic influences has been confirmed as due to isolation, and instead of being pre-Neolithic, it is currently dated to the Iron Age, only some 2,500 year ago. Based on: “Bertranpetit J, Cavalli-Sforza LL. A genetic reconstruction of the history of the population of the Iberian Peninsula. Ann Hum Genet 1991; 55:51-67.”
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