An optimization Model of Vertical Evacuation Scenario on Tsunami Disaster Mitigation

This paper proposes an optimization model to determine the best scenario of tsunami vertical evacuation. The purpose of this study is to mitigate the number of victims in evacuation zones within the available time before tsunami waves reach the coast. The tsunami is wave propagation at high speed as an impact after the earthquakes occurred under the sea. The population in the coastal areas are at risk from tsunami impact. In this study, Padang City is chosen as a case study. In the evacuation plan, the refugees are evacuated to the vertical evacuation structures that have enough height to raise refugees higher than the level of tsunami tide. An optimization model is formulated with linear programming using Matlab, by the objective function is to minimize the evacuation time with the constraints of the estimated time of tsunami arrival, the capacity of each vertical evacuation structures, and the number of refugees. The simulation results show that all refugees are successfully evacuated according to the proportions within available evacuation time. The results of this study can be implemented to support the tsunami disaster mitigation by the Government in Padang City.