Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls

In this chapter, the optimization of reinforced concrete (RC) retaining walls is presented. RC retaining walls are one of the structural types that are constructed on land and used for retaining soil backfill. Because of this reason, both structural and geotechnical limits are in progress in the optimization process. Additionally, the stability conditions against pressure of soils are the key constraints in the optimum design of RC retaining walls. The presented methodology in this chapter considers both static and dynamic soil pressures resulting from earthquakes. A computer code employing teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm is also given.