宝拉·比格列里和露西安娜·卡哈迪亚:七篇关于民粹主义的文章

A. Nascimento
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摘要

Paula Biglieri和Luciana Cadahia(2021)的观点澄清了右翼民粹主义——它从未存在过。作者拒绝将民粹主义等同于反动的治理范式,并提出了一些挑衅性的反对意见。从根本上说,真的能说雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗、马琳·勒Pen、维克多·Orbán、唐纳德·特朗普、克里斯蒂娜·基什内尔、拉斐尔·科雷亚、卢拉·达席尔瓦和埃沃·莫拉莱斯都是“民粹主义者”吗?作者认为,学者们不应该把民粹主义作为一个术语,既适用于解放运动,也适用于与解放运动相对立的运动。相反,极端保守的立场应该接受另一个名字:法西斯主义。Biglieri和Cadahia认为“民粹主义本身就是一个箱子[arcón],里面包含了一系列有待破译的秘密”(17)。尽管如此,无论从语言学上还是政治上,都不应该把它的任何线索误认为是欺诈的治国方略。从一开始,这本书就把理论和战斗结合在一起。作者提醒读者,那些占领拉丁美洲街头的人也是他们在智力和情感上的同辈。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Paula Biglieri & Luciana Cahadia: Seven essays on populism
perspective, Paula Biglieri and Luciana Cadahia (2021) set the record straight regarding right-wing populism – it has never existed. The authors reject the identification of populism with reactionary governing paradigms, raising some provocative objections. Fundamentally, can it really be said that Jair Bolsonaro, Marine Le Pen, Viktor Orbán, Donald Trump, Cristina Kirchner, Rafael Correa, Lula da Silva, and Evo Morales are all “populists”? Against chiefly consensual diagnoses, the authors believe that scholars should not adopt populism as a term that equally applies to both emancipatory movements as well as those antithetical to them. On the contrary, ultraconservative stances should accept another name: fascism. Biglieri and Cadahia suggest that “populism is itself a chest [arcón] that contains a series of secrets to be deciphered” (17). Still, none of its threads should be linguistically nor politically mistaken with grifting statecraft. From the outset, the book stitches together theory and militancy. The authors remind readers that those occupying Latin American streets are also their intellectual and affective peers.
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