代孕机构形成的历史:社会法律背景

M.A. Seidinova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于生理缺陷、配偶生物不相容、怀孕禁忌症、一些遗传性疾病等原因,不可能或危及母亲的生命和健康。此外,不孕不育的原因在两性之间分布均匀。所有这些都导致家庭解体、婚姻破裂,从而导致人口状况恶化,从而侵犯了享有健康、医疗保密和富裕生活的人权。在这种情况下的出路之一是应用人工授精方法,其中之一是代孕母亲,以及改进对直接影响人口进程的最重要关系的立法规定。文章的作者建议考虑代孕母亲制度形成的阶段,从社会历史上第一次提及到现代哈萨克斯坦辅助生殖技术出现的历史。特别注意在美国、英国、苏联、俄罗斯联邦和现代哈萨克斯坦对辅助生殖技术的立法规定。得出的结论是,需要改进在保护代孕母亲和儿童权利领域的国家立法,制定和采用关于代孕母亲的单独法律
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The history of the formation of the institute of surrogacy: socio-legal context
The birth of a child is impossible or dangerous for the life and health of the mother due to physiological deficiencies, biological incompatibility of spouses, contraindications for pregnancy, a number of hereditary diseases, etc. Moreover, the causes of infertility are equally distributed between both sexes. All this leads to the disintegration of the family, the dissolution of marriage, as a result, to the deterioration of the demographic situation, and, consequently, to the violation of the human right to health, medical confidentiality and a prosperous life. One of the ways out in this situation is seen in the application of methods of artificial insemination, one of which is surrogate motherhood, and the improvement of legislative regulation of the most important relations that directly affect demographic processes. The author of the article proposes to consider the stages of the formation of the institution of surrogate motherhood, starting from the first mentions in social history and ending with the history of the emergence of assisted reproductive technologies in modern Kazakhstan. Particular attention is paid to the legislative regulation of assisted reproductive technologies in the USA, Great Britain, the USSR, the Russian Federation and in modern Kazakhstan. Conclusions are drawn about the need to improve national legislation in the field of protecting the rights of a surrogate mother and child, the development and introduction of a separate law on surrogate motherhood
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