Autonomous Processes in Concrete Matrix on Bio Products

Abstract In this paper are presented different approaches of microbiological type, on the concrete matrix, that has the ability to self-healing the micro-cracks in their early phase. Although the prevention of cracks in the concrete structure is not possible, there are many types of techniques that will lead to self-sealing. Thereby we can say the cracks represent the biggest enemy of the elements in the constructions, and if they are not observed and treated in the early phase, they can create real dangers, both for the constructions and for the people. The micro-cracks appeared in the concrete matrix are determined by a number of internal and / or external factors. The determination of the cause of the appearance of the micro-cracks is done by visual inspections and by direct measurements, using special equipment. The identification of the various biological compounds and their use in autonomous processes can represent a sustainable but also efficient alternative on the costs of concrete production. From the researchers’ reports, the application of chemicals and polymers represents a source of risks for human health, plus the fact that these methods are viable in the short term. The bio products exemplified in this paper are found in nature, are human friendly, and through the information provided by the researchers we can say that they increase the life of the construction. An important feature of the use of organic products in the concrete matrix is the fact that the concrete can self-healing, only needing water and oxygen. The two approaches of autonomous type presented in this paper are similar in terms of the result obtained but different from the point of view of the healing agents used. This paper will provide an overview of the bio approach through the production of calcium carbonate, will present the new challenges for sealing the micro-cracks and recommendations for future research.