The Impact of Community-based Health Education to Improve Quality of Nursing Services for People with Hypertension : A Literature Review

Background: Essential hypertension is the most popular catastrophic case in Indonesia referred from primary health services to hospitals. High number of morbidity and mortality caused by hypertension increases financial burden of a state for catastrophic diseases. The current effort of our government to prevent and control hypertension is by health promotion through confirmation, information, and education. However, the facts that hypertension prevention keeps on developing making it a continuous global challenge for the professionals of health services. This is the reason why it's important to investigate interventions that could increase control the blood pressure. The aim of this systematic review is to gain the best literatures about health education on community-based hypertension prevention that has potential strength to regenerate clinical practice recommendations to improve preventive and promotive efforts for hypertension. Method of this literature review was using systematic searching of electronic databases from Google and Pubmed by following keywords: hypertension intervention strategies + journal, community based hypertension control programs that work + journal, hypertension AND community based health education, hypertension AND community-based nutrition DASH, hypertension AND community based control programs. Inclusion criteria of the study focused on community-based education interventions for hypertension and have completed explanation about it while exclusion criteria of the study was all articles that younger than the last 10 years. 13 articles based on the above criteria were chosen to proceed. Results of the study show that all researches were done in developed countries and most of the articles were using quantitative methods. Community-based health education for people with hypertension is an effort to help hypertension control programs. There are four health interventions related to community-based hypertension education program which are mass media campaign to reduce salt consumption, workshop programs through social volunteering or health activists, hypertension group education about DASH and lifestyle then comprehensive hypertension prevention and promotive programs. Community-based health education approaches through these interventions could be used to control the uncontrollable hypertension in the community. Multicomponent and multilevel cooperation as well as financially effective efforts to prevent, detect and manage hypertension could be gained by implementing all of these interventions.