The Restoration of the Betty’s Hope North Windmill, Antigua, West Indies

Chapter 14 investigates the archaeology, technology, and restoration of the Betty’s Hope north windmill. Archaeological excavations and restoration work were conducted from 1988 to 1995. Today, 90 stone towers are all that remain of the windmills scattered across Antigua’s landscape. This project initiated archaeological research at Betty’s Hope as well as cultural heritage management of the site. As one of the largest and most lucrative estates on Antigua, Betty’s Hope could afford two windmills to crush the sugar cane by harnessing wind power and utilizing the horizontal three-roller system. The mid-nineteenth century witnessed the conversion to steam-powered at Betty’s Hope. Restoration efforts included replacing parts of the original stone floor, old hard wood beams, masonry, cap house, arms, and machinery.