ANALYSIS OF POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER

Summary. The aim of the study. Based on the analysis of the nature and course of postoperative complications in the treatment of patients with lung cancer, to improve the results of surgical treatment of this category of patients. Materials and methods. The results of the analysis of postoperative complications of 363 patients with lung cancer who were treated in the oncological department of the thoracic cavity of the clinic of the Communal Non-Commercial Enterprise «Regional Center of Oncology» in Kharkiv for the period from 2017 to 2021 are presented. There were 234 men (64.6 %) , women - 128 (35.4 %), the age of patients ranged from 43 to 84 years, the average age was (59.8±2.4 years). All patients underwent radical surgery for primary lung cancer. Lobectomies were performed most often. In this volume, 296 patients were operated on, which was 81.5 %. Pneumonectomy was performed on 51 patients, which was 14.1 %. Anatomical segmentectomy was performed in 16 patients (4.4 %). Postoperative complications and factors causing them were analyzed. Research results and their discussion. The main complications typical for the postoperative period of lung cancer patients are highlighted. Complications in the postoperative period occurred in 10.5 % of patients. Complications related to failure of bronchus stump sutures and tracheobronchial tree anastomoses occurred in 8 patients (2.2 %). In two patients, this led to the development of pleural empyema and death.Thanks to early diagnosis, 4 patients underwent rethoracotomy, bronchus stump suturing, resection or final pneumonectomy. Cardiovascular complications (acute myocardial infarction, acute cardiovascular failure, stroke, pulmonary embolism) were found in 5 patients (1.4 %). 3 patients died of stroke, acute myocardial infarction and acute cardiovascular failure. Two patients survived, and one of them was diagnosed with Pulmonary embolism (PE), COVID-19 and bilateral pneumonia. Postoperative mortality was 2.5 % (9 patients died). Two patients (0.6 %) died from failure of the bronchus stump sutures, which led to empyema of the pleura. Two patients (0.6 %) died from the consequences of intrapleural bleeding. Another 2 (0.6 %) patients died of acute myocardial infarction. One patient each (0.3 %) died of stroke, postoperative pneumonia, and pericux abscess, which led to empyema of the pleura. Conclusions. The surgical method of treating patients with lung cancer remains the main one despite the number of postoperative complications, the majority of which are «non-surgical». Analysis of the nature and course of postoperative complications in the treatment of patients with lung cancer, and the improvement of the method of determining functional operability, made it possible to reduce the frequency of complications and form a concept for improving the results of surgical treatment of this category of patients.