An Efficient Recursive Localization Approach for High-Density Wireless Sensor Networks

Although recursive localization approaches are efficiently used in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), their application leads to increased energy consumption caused by the important communication overhead necessary to achieve the localization task. Indeed, localization information coverage increases iteratively as new nodes estimate their locations and become themselves new reference nodes. However, the uncontrollable number evolution of such nodes leads, especially in high density networks, to wasted energy, important communication overhead and even impacts the localization accuracy due the adverse effects of error propagation and accumulation. This chapter proposes an efficient recursive localization (ERL) approach that develops a new reliable reference selection strategy to ensure a better distribution of the reference nodes in the network. ERL improves localization accuracy without incurring any additional cost. It allows conserving the energy and consequently prolonging the WSN life time.