Problems of CO2 Emissions in Ukraine and Ways to Overcome Them

The paper analyzes the dynamics of carbon dioxide emissions and determines the main sources of its formation in Ukraine. It is established that there has been a 64% decrease in CO2 emissions compared to the base year 1990. At the same time, it has been noted that the reason of a decrease in emissions is mainly a decrease in industrial production, while the climate policy of the country at the moment remains ineffective. Thus, to ensure a stable future climate, it is necessary to intensively implement technologies with negative carbon emissions. Together with the natural biological cycle of CO2 absorption, technologies for capturing and storing carbon dioxide, as well as chemical fixation of CO2, are effective. Methods of CO2 injection into geological formations to increase oil and gas production can be promising in the conditions of Ukraine. Methane replacement with carbon dioxide in gas hydrates located at the bottom of the Black Sea solves two global problems: natural gas extraction and, at the same time, CO2 disposal. Also, a conversion of carbon dioxide into fuel is an attractive solution to many energy and environmental problems. Technologies with negative carbon emissions are a new direction in Ukrainian climate policy and currently are at the initial stage of development.