澳大利亚海洋可再生能源的开创性发展

R. Manasseh, K. McInnes, M. Hemer
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引用次数: 16

摘要

回顾了澳大利亚海洋可再生能源发展的历史。外行人对在澳大利亚水域测试的主要技术类别的物理操作原理进行了描述。在强大的中纬度西风的推动下,澳大利亚海域拥有世界上最具活力的波浪能资源。西澳大利亚北部海岸的潮汐范围在全球范围内具有重要意义,并且该大陆周围的一些地理特征具有当地的潮汐共振。东澳大利亚流是世界上主要的西部边界流之一,沿着澳大利亚东部海岸运行,提供了潜在的洋流能源。澳大利亚热带东北部的海水温度可能允许海洋热能转换。虽然丰富的资源使澳大利亚成为技术发展的理想地点,但人口高度集中在几个大城市,而且传输基础设施已经发展了一个多世纪,从传统的发电厂为城市供电。几个波浪能开发项目已经在澳大利亚海域进行了示范部署,其中三个已经并网。潮汐装置也进行了试验,而其他种类的海洋可再生能源尚未进行试验。讨论了澳大利亚海洋可再生能源的发展前景,包括沿海保护和能源出口等非传统应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Pioneering developments of marine renewable energy in Australia
The history of ocean renewable energy developments in Australia is reviewed. A layperson’s description of the physical operating principle is given for the main classes of technology that have been tested in Australian waters. The Australian marine domain possesses among the world’s most energetic wave-energy resources, driven by powerful mid-latitude westerly winds. The northern coast of Western Australia has tidal ranges significant on a global scale, and some geographical features around the continent have local tidal resonances. The East Australian Current, one of the world’s major western boundary currents, runs along the eastern Australian seaboard, offering potential for ocean-current energy. Sea-water temperatures in the tropical north-east of Australia may permit ocean thermal energy conversion. While this abundance of resources makes Australia an ideal location for technology development, the population is highly concentrated in a few large cities, and transmission infrastructure has developed over a century to supply cities from traditional power plants. Several wave-power developments have resulted in demonstration of deployments in Australian waters, three of which have been grid connected. Trials of tidal devices have also occurred, while other classes of ocean renewable energy have not yet been trialled. The prospects for marine renewable energy in Australia are discussed including non-traditional applications such as coastal protection and energy export.
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