Comparative Analysis of Existing Cardiac Output Measurement Methods

Over the last few decades, many research and commercial developments have been implemented to measure the cardiac output parameter. One of the most important requirements is the application to non-invasive technologies that avoid the introduction of a measurement tool that violates the integrity of tissues, blood vessels or human organs. Rejection of invasive methods prevents possible trauma, infection, and pain for the patient. Also, non-invasive technologies provide continues real-time monitoring hemodynamic parameters. The article discusses the measurement procedures and methods for calculating the cardiac output parameter using existing methods. The existing methods are considered not only in terms of the possible accuracy of the values obtained, but also taking into account the advantages, disadvantages and limits of the measurement procedure in clinical practice. New, non-invasive cardiac output measurement techniques are already available in clinical practice, but the question of their accuracy is still not the only commonly accepted. In article also considered methods of estimation of reliability of received results of measurements by new developed, or existing methods and technics of measurement cardiac output parameter. Considered the necessary conditions for application of new methods of measurement in clinical practice.