Investigation of Serum Uric Acid Levels in Individuals Eating Different Diets

Background: Reducing uric acid (UA) levels can provide some improvements in terms of the development risk and course of various diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment of UA elevation have become an important research area in recent years. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between diets and the change in serum UA levels after diets with different carbohydrate, and fat ratios were applied in male and female patients with or without high serum UA levels. Methods: In the study, three different diets were applied, including a low-carbohydrate diet, a low-fat diet, and a diet low in both carbohydrates and fat. The research was performed with a total of 41 patients (10 males and 31 females) who were referred to the diet polyclinic. Diet programs containing different carbohydrate and fat ratios were applied to the patients. The UA parameters of the participants were evaluated retrospectively. Afterward, pre-diet and post-diet serum UA levels were measured, and the results were compared statistically. Results: Following diet programs, there was a significant decrease in both serum UA levels and weight loss in patients. No significant difference was found between the diets applied in terms of reducing serum UA levels. Further, no significant correlation was observed between serum UA levels and diet duration. However, in the correlation graph, there was a more pronounced reduction trend in serum UA levels with an increase in the diet period. No significant correlation was found between weight values and duration of diet. Finally, the difference between UA levels and weight changes was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: In addition to examinations for various diseases, adding UA levels to the test panel in routine biochemistry screenings and evaluating the results together with clinical findings and taking necessary precautions in a timely manner are of critical importance for public health.