近现代欧洲国家和美国的传记传统

A. Kosheliev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文考察了近代历史研究方向——传记研究的形成过程。特别关注的是英国、法国、德国、荷兰和美国的传记体裁的发展。传记体体裁在现当代各种历史进程的背景下被考虑。本研究致力于证实社会文化现实之间的相互联系,这种联系在西方社会形成了一定的规范和价值取向。以列名国家为例,论证了列名文化在不同的历史和社会条件下既有共同的根源,又有各自的根源。在这种背景下,传记研究可以作为社会价值观及其变化的一个指标。为了证明社会规范与某些人物传记的提升之间的相互关系,作者转向了这一流派发展的历史根源。它还揭示了写传记的理论和方法方法。本文探讨了不同类型人群的价值取向与他们的英雄和反英雄的形成之间的联系。在这个方向上,新闻调查在欧洲和美国的许多国家发挥了重要作用。这些调查已经并将继续影响公众舆论,描述过去和现在不同个人的生活方式。文章还假设存在一种广泛的“传记文化”现象,在这种文化中发展出专门的学术研究领域。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Biographical Traditions in European Countries and the USA During the Modern and Contemporary Times
The article investigates the process of formation of modern direction in historical researches – biographical studies. In particular, attention is focused on the development of a biographical genre in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands and the United States. The biographical genre is being considered in the context of various historical processes during the modern and contemporary times. The research is dedicated to the substantiation of the interconnection between socio-cultural reality, which formed certain norms and value orientations in Western societies. On the example of listed countries, the author demonstrates that the culture of creating biographies has both common and distinct roots of origin in different historical and social conditions. Biographical research in this context serves as an indicator of social values and their changes. In order to demonstrate the interrelation of social norms with the promotion of certain personalities through their biographies author turn to the historical roots of the development of this genre. Also it allows revealing the theoretical and methodological approaches to writing biographies. The article traces the connection between the value orientations of different categories of the population and the formation of their heroes and antiheroes. In this direction journalistic investigations played an important role in various countries of Europe and the United States. These investigations have been and continue to influence the public opinion, describing the lifestyle of different individuals in the past and present. In the article also assumes the existence of a phenomenon of a broad “biographical culture” within which developed specialized academic fields of research.
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