潘卡西拉:印尼法律复兴中的“Das Sollen”与“Volkgeist”的法律渊源

M. Hamka
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摘要

。自1945年8月17日《独立宣言》颁布至今,无论是明确的还是含蓄的,有意识的还是无意识的,印度尼西亚共和国的统一国家继承了殖民法律秩序的残余,包括其结构(包括所有形式的程序)和实质,但在国家法律改革的框架内进行了系统的改变。本文提出的问题有:潘卡西拉作为“sollen”和“volkgeist”法律在印度尼西亚法律更新中的来源是什么地位(在印度尼西亚现行法律改革的背景下研究)?宣布独立后,印尼法律的发展试图摆脱殖民法律观念,并充分成为国内法的实质。然而,事实是,在建立一个完全脱离殖民法律制度传统的印度尼西亚国家法律制度的框架内,有一些难以否认的因素。这种状况是印尼法律制度发展的整个路径,实际上是在殖民政府权力的法律原则配置的基础上建立和明确界定的。即便如此,要从零开始构建国内法,尚待寻找的新法律改革的配置,似乎并不意味着失去了具有国内法维度的法律基础,而这种法律维度能够创造出现代法律。这意味着潘卡西拉仍然具有正式的合法性,可以作为所有法律秩序的来源。因此,为了适应改革时代,包括国家法律发展领域,希望建立一个更具有印尼特色的法律体系,其所有属性都具有真实性,这确实是一种希望(das sollen)。对于全球化时代的现代国家法律来说,除了包含潘卡西拉民族的意识形态和民族传统等“地方特色”之外,潘卡西拉作为印度尼西亚民族的法律和哲学的来源,是印度尼西亚民族个性和性格的体现,换句话说,是一种文明形式。印度尼西亚人民,他们提出了法律改革的想法,是所有法律秩序的源泉,并将其视为印度尼西亚法律改革的基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Pancasila As a Source of Law “Das Sollen” And “Volkgeist” In Indonesia Law Renewal
. Since the Proclamation of Independence August 17, 1945 until now, explicitly or tacitly, consciously or not, the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia has inherited the remnants of the colonial legal order which consists of its structure (including all forms of the process) and its substance, but systemically changes have been made in the framework of national law reform. The problems that arise from this paper, namely; What is the position of Pancasila as a source of law "das sollen" and "volkgeist" in the renewal of Indonesian law (study in the context of the quo vadis legal reform in Indonesia)? After the proclamation of independence, the development of Indonesian law tried to break away from colonial legal ideas which fully became the substance of national law. However, the fact is that there are factors that are difficult to deny in the framework of building an Indonesian national legal system that is completely separated from the tradition of the colonial legal system. This condition is the entire path of the development of the legal system in Indonesia which has actually been built and clearly defined based on the configuration of the legal principles of colonial government power. Even so, it seems that to build national law by starting from zero, the configuration of new legal reforms that still have to be found does not mean losing the legal basis with a national law dimension that can create modern law. This means that Pancasila still has formal legitimacy to be used as a source of all sources of legal order. Therefore, to adapt to the reform era, including the field of national law development, the desire to build a legal system that is more Indonesian in character with all its attributes of authenticity is indeed a hope (das sollen). Ideally for a modern national law in the era of globalization in addition to containing "local characteristics" such as the ideology of the Pancasila nation, and the nation's traditions, Pancasila as a source of law and the philosophy of the Indonesian nation, is a manifestation of the personality and character of the Indonesian nation or in other words as a form of civilization. the Indonesian people, who deliver ideas for legal reform and as a source of all sources of legal order, and have an attachment as a basis for legal reform in Indonesia.
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