Risk Factors that Influence Hospital Length of Stay in Diabetic Foot Ulcer with Negative Pressure Wound Therapy at RS. dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo

Introduction. It estimated that around 15% of diabetic patients would experience diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in their lifetime. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is proven to be more effective than conventional treatments. NPWT creates a moist wound environment, increases local blood flow, and stimulates tissue granulation, thereby accelerating wound healing. This study conducted to determine the risk factors that affect the length of stay of DFU with NPWT. Method. A retrospective study with a cross-sectional design carried out from January 2016 to December 2018 at RS. dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Subjects' characteristics and risk factors taken from medical records. The length of stay and application of NPWT was the focus of interests. The correlation to the risk factors was analyzed. Results. Out of 105 subjects enrolled, the length of stay of DFU with NPWT was 19.9 ± 19.3 days. Risk factors affecting the length of stay were history of ulcers (r = 0.01; p = 0.034), wound depth (r = 0.292; p = 0.003), Hb (r = 0.05; p = 0.039), HbA1c (r = 0.06; p = 0.033), Albumin (r = 0.06; p = 0.017), PCT (r = 0.10; p = 0.035), and duration of DM (r = 0.193; p = 0.009). Conclusion: The length of stay of DFU with NPWT influenced by systemic factors (duration of DM, Hb, HbA1c, albumin, and PCT) and local factors (history of previous ulcers and wound depth). The depth of the wound was the most positively related factor to the length of stay in DFU after NPWT (r = 0.292; p = 0.003). Interventions on factors that can be corrected before the application of NPWT may amplify the result of NPWT and reduce the length of treatment.