军事行动对降水形成过程的影响

O. Voloshkina, Artem V. Goncharenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项工作涉及研究军事行动对全球生态过程发展的影响,特别是单个单次爆炸产生的酸雨。提出了考虑污染物进入云下冲蚀区和凝结过程动力学的数学模型。燃烧产物在爆炸区域(形成爆炸漏斗的区域)三到五个直径水平的大气中的浓度是利用从热源到环境的对流射流理论得到的。同时,我们确定了爆炸区域上方上升的暖空气的速度,对流射流过渡段的平均温度,以及射流上部污染空气的流速。本文提出了一个高无阴影源的无量纲非平稳微分方程系统,在适当的初始条件和边界条件下,该系统可以用“涡流速度-电流函数-温度-浓度”变量来确定Boussinesq近似中主要产酸物质的色散。硫酸酐被认为是主要的成酸物质,也是爆炸产物中最危险、最有毒的化合物。所提出的数学模型可用于预测单次爆炸附近地区可能下酸雨的情况,从而预测军事行动对环境和人口造成的环境风险变化。这样就有可能确定爆炸地点的影响范围和扩散范围。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of military actions on the process of the formation of precipitation
This work concerns the study of the influence of military actions on the development of global ecological processes, in particular, the fall of acid rain from individual single explosions. A mathematical model is proposed, which takes into account the emission of pollutants into the subcloud washout zone and the kinetics of the condensation process. The concentration of combustion products in the atmosphere at the level of three to five diameters of the explosion area (the area of the formed explosion funnel) is found using the theory of a convective jet from a warm source to the environment. At the same time, we determined the speed of warm air that rises above the area of the explosion, the average temperature in the transition section of the convective jet, and the flow rate of polluted air in the upper part of the jet. The paper presents a system of dimensionless non-stationary differential equations for a high unshaded source, which can be used to determine the dispersion of the main acid-forming substances in the Boussinesq approximation with the variables "eddy velocity – current function – temperature – concentration" with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Sulfuric anhydride was considered as an example of the main acid-forming substances and the most dangerous and toxic compounds of explosion products. The proposed mathematical model can be used to forecast the possible fall of acid rain on the territories adjacent to single explosions, thereby making a forecast of changes in environmental risk as a result of military operations for the environment and the population. and will make it possible to determine the zones of influence and dispersion from the place of the explosion.
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