Comparison of Pain Severity with VAS Score in Preoperative and Postoperative Periods After Laparoscopic Cystectomy in Isolated Endometriomas

Background: In this study, it was investigated whether laparoscopic surgery reduces dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, dyspareunia and abdominal distension evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS) in the postoperative period compared to the preoperative period in patients diagnosed with isolated endometrioma. Materials and Methods: The preoperative and postoperative VAS scores of 36 cases with isolated endometrioma were compared among 197 patients who applied with pelvic pain and underwent laparoscopic surgery with an endometrioma diagnosis between 2017 and 2020. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire containing a 100 mm VAS scale that included the four components of pre- and post-operative endometriosis-related pain (dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and abdominal distension). Patients with deep infiltrative endometriosis, peritoneal endometriosis, related severe intraoperative adhesions, those who had previously undergone endometriosis surgery, and those who had received hormonal therapy for endometriosis or endometrioma before the surgery were found to be excluded from the study. Results: The VAS scores of the patients for cyclic-non-cyclic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and abdominal distension decreased significantly in the postoperative period compared to the preoperative period (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study determined that the symptoms of cyclic-non-cyclic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and abdominal distension after laparoscopic surgery in patients with isolated endometrioma were significantly reduced compared to the period before surgery. In addition, CA-125 biomarker results were significantly reduced after laparoscopic surgery in patients with isolated endometrioma.