Extending 5G NR V2X Mode 2 to Enable Integrated Sensing and Communication for Vehicular Networks

In the scenario of the coexistence of millimeter wave (mmWave) radar and communication in vehicular networks, the spectrum resources of the two functions may conflict, causing performance degradation. In this paper, we propose an implementation method of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system for vehicular networks by extending the 5G NR V2X Mode 2 protocol. Specifically, the proposed method adopts semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) resource selection to facilitate periodic communication message dissemination and radar detection. To ensure vehicle safety in ISAC vehicular networks, the proposed method dynamically adjusts each vehicle’s radar scanning period and transmit power based on its priority measured by velocity and channel congestion state reported by neighbors, thus enabling high-priority vehicles to occupy spectrum resources preferentially. Simulation results show that the proposed method improves radar and communication performance compared with those based on traditional SPS and time-division-based methods.