詹姆斯的语用格言与意义的“弹性”

H. Jackman
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摘要

然而,詹姆斯的格言一直受到许多相互冲突的解释的影响,以下将论证,其中一些解释上的分歧源于以下事实:(1)詹姆斯严重低估了他自己的观点与皮尔斯在“如何使我们的想法清晰”中提出的观点之间的差异,以及(2)詹姆斯对格言的理解通常将意义与真理联系在一起。但由于詹姆斯(或至少是实用主义的詹姆斯)将“真理”的话语从“暂时的”延伸到“绝对的”真理,在他的意义概念中可以发现类似的“弹性”。然而,这种“弹性”也存在于我们对意义的日常讨论中,詹姆斯设法以一种更有凝聚力的方式捕捉到它,而不是更多当代的叙述,后者通常试图通过假设两种完全不同的意义或内容类型来做到这一点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
James's pragmatic maxim and the “elasticity” of meaning
However, James’s maxim has been subject to a number of confl icting interpretations, 3 and the following will argue that some of these interpretive di culties stem from the fact that (1) James seriously understates the di erences between his own views and those presented by Peirce in “How to Make Our Ideas Clear”, and (2) James’s understanding of the maxim typically ties meaning to truth, but since James (or at least the James of Pragmatism ) takes “truth” talk to stretch from “temporary” to “absolute” truth, a similar ‘elasticity’ can be found in his conception of meaning. However, this ‘elasticity’ is found in our everyday talk of meaning as well, and James manages to capture it in a more cohesive way than more contemporary accounts that often try to do so by positing two completely distinct types of meaning or content.
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