中国是向社会主义转型的经济体?

Michael Roberts
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摘要

中国是一个什么样的经济体和国家?是资本主义还是社会主义?这些问题的答案必须从马克思的价值规律开始,它定义了资本主义下生产方式和社会关系的本质。它继续理解资本主义和社会主义之间的过渡经济的概念。对于向社会主义过渡的经济,我们可以确定几个标准。根据这些标准,中国不是资本主义经济体;中国显著的经济成功是国有主导和指令性经济的产物,这与资本主义经济(无论是民主经济还是专制经济)明显不同。但是,离实现社会主义或共产主义还很遥远。这是一个处于“陷入困境的转型”中的经济体。它被困住了,因为它缺乏任何有意义的工人民主形式,而且它被试图扼杀它的帝国主义力量所包围。事实上,任何向社会主义的过渡都需要国际间的协调和团结,以发展生产力和维持工人的控制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
China as a transitional economy to socialism?
What sort of economy and state is China? Is it capitalist or socialist? The answer to those questions must start with Marx’s law of value, which defines the nature of mode of production and social relations under capitalism. It continues with an understanding of the concept of a transitional economy between capitalism and socialism. We can define several criteria for an economy in transition to socialism. Based on those criteria, China is not a capitalist economy; its phenomenal economic success is product of a predominantly state-owned and directed economy clearly distinct from capitalist economies, whether democratic or autocratic. However, it is still far away from achieving socialism or communism. It is an economy in a “trapped transition”. It is trapped because it lacks any meaningful forms of workers’ democracy and it is surrounded by the forces of imperialism which seek to strangle it. Indeed, any transition to socialism requires international coordination and unity to develop the productive forces and sustain workers’ control.
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