Indications and Results of Nephrectomys at the Urology Department of Zinder National Hospital (HNZ)

Aim: To describe the indications and results of nephrectomy in the urology department of the National Hospital of Zinder (HNZ). Materials and methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over a period of six years on patients followed in the urology department of the National Hospital of Zinder. During this period, 33 indications for nephrectomy were made. The clinical and Para clinical parameters, the operative indication and postoperative data were studied. Results: 33 patient records were collected. Men (20) were more represented 61%. The average age of our series was 31.47 years with extremes of 3 to 60 years. Lumbar mass was the most common reason for consultation with 36% of cases, followed by lumbar pain (30%). All our patients had an ultrasound of the urinary tract which highlighted the lesion and the organ concerned. The Uro-Scanner completed the Para clinical assessment in 25 cases, i.e. 75.75%. % Nephrectomy was indicated for Hydronephrosis with destruction of the renal parenchyma in 76% of cases and for Renal tumor in 24% of cases. Simple nephrectomy was the most represented technique (25 cases) and extended nephrectomy concerned 8 cases. Peroperatively, a pleural breach was noted in 3 patients (9.09%) and a peritoneal breach in 5 others (15.15%). Postoperatively, two patients presented with parietal infection (6%), four patients (12%), present renal failure with créatinin betwen 455 µmol/l to 646 µmol/l, and two patients (6%) died. Conclusion: Benign pathologies, especially obstructive, of the urinary tract leading to destruction of the renal parenchyma and therefore to nephrectomy. As reported in many developing countries, they were the most frequent indication in our study.