Water security

Today, the concept of security manifests itself in a number of forms in most scientific, social, environmental, and political issues. One of the most essential and prominent types of security issue faced today is water security, which has introduced a complex and new concept to the literature of today's world. Not only has the current water crisis in most parts of the world increased the risk of military conflicts between countries, but the value of safe water will become even more apparent in the coming decades, which is why water security will have a special importance in the modern world. Water security is a concept that has attracted particular attention in recent decades from various dimensions. Estimates show that by 2100, the planet's population will increase from the current 7.7 billion (7.7 × 109) to 11.2 billion, and that providing adequate safe water for such a population is one of the significant challenges facing humans – because the world's freshwater resources are not just for individual consumption and for the environment, but they are also vital for the agricultural, energy, industrial, and transportation sectors. Therefore, it should be noted that the existing world water resources, both in terms of quantity and quality, are at a critical stage. However, the severity of this problem varies from region to region, with regions such as the Middle East and South Africa at greater risk of water scarcity. Water security is therefore a vital issue for all of us. This chapter first outlines the concept of water security from different perspectives, emphasizing that water security is a multifaceted issue, before finally examining solutions and policies to address to the challenges.