新型冠状病毒肺炎患者治疗系统中心理治疗支持的整合模式

Inter Collegas Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI:10.35339/ic.9.2.les
I. Leshchyna
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摘要

介绍。迄今为止,已经确定的是,COVID-19不仅对世界各国人口的身体状况产生负面影响,而且对心理健康产生负面影响。许多人对冠状病毒有恐惧,这通常与可能的感染风险、缺乏致病治疗、疾病进程不可预测以及完全不确定有关。以上都会引起消极的心理反应。根据世界卫生组织发表的一项科学综述,在2019冠状病毒病大流行的第一年,全球焦虑和抑郁的患病率上升了0.25%。该研究的目的是为COVID-19患者开发一种综合的心理治疗支持模式。材料与方法:对125例新冠肺炎合并非精神病性精神障碍患者进行临床-精神病理及精神诊断综合检查,男女均可,平均年龄36.0±3.4岁。临床精神病理学研究结果表明,非精神病性精神障碍的临床表现为神经衰弱、焦虑、抑郁和认知综合征。心理治疗项目包括个人和团体心理治疗和心理教育。心理治疗支持项目的一个重要组成部分是心理教育,旨在建立一个关于COVID-19神经毒性影响和后果的充分的思想体系,了解该疾病引起的主要精神病理综合征,让患者积极参与治疗,以及教授克服沉浸在疾病中的方法。使用开发的程序的临床结果分析表明,情绪状态的积极动态,焦虑抑郁症状的表达减少,应对策略的积极转变,对疾病的非建设性态度转变为适应性的,建设性的态度,以及生活质量的提高。关键词:职业重要素质,核恐怖主义,人质,职业职能履行,神经心理稳定性,核电站控制板操作员。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An integrated model of psychotherapeutic support in the system of therapy for COVID-19 patients
Introduction. To date, it has been already established that COVID-19 has a negative impact not only on the physical condition, but also on the mental health of the population in every country of the world. Many people have a fear of coronavirus, which is usually associated with the possible risk of infection, the lack of pathogenetic treatment, unpredictable course of the disease, as well as total uncertainty. All of the above causes negative psychological reactions. according to a scientific review published by the World Health Organization, global prevalence of anxiety and depression increased by a quarter of a percent in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study was to develop an integrated model of psychotherapeutic support for patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: а comprehensive clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic examination of 125 patients with COVID-19 and non-psychotic mental disorders, of both sexes, with an average age of 36.0±3.4 years, was conducted. Results. The findngs of the clinical-psychopathological study suggest that the clinical picture of non-psychotic mental disorders in the examined patients is represented by astheno-neurotic, anxious, depressive and cognitive syndromes. The psychotherapeutic program included indivi­dual and group psychotherapy and psychoeducation. An important component of the psychothe­rapeutic support program was psychoeducation aimed at developing an adequate system of ideas about the neurotoxic impact and consequences of COVID-19, understanding the main psychopathological syndromes caused by the disease, involving patients in active participation in treatment, and teaching methods of overcoming immersion in the disease. Conclusions. The analysis of the clinical findings of using the developed program showed a positive dynamic of the emotional state, a decrease in the expressiveness of anxiety-depressive symptoms, a positive transformation of coping strategies, the transition of non-constructive types of attitudes to the disease into adaptive, constructive ones, and an increase in the quality of life. Keywords: professionally important qualities, nuclear terrorism, hostages, performance of professional functions, neuropsychological stability, NPP control panel operators.
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