社会监管体系中的法律:它的未来是无云的吗?

T. V. Kashanina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一个发展中的社会规范体系是以这样一种标准为基础的,即作为一种规范的方式或一种使社会有序、正常化和稳定的方式。同时,运用演化的钥匙,即特定类型规范出现的历史时间,可以看到社会规范的接力赛是如何发生的,从而追溯社会规范发展的整个路径。社会的发展经历了前国家时期(原始制度时代和社会从人类学采集到生产的过渡时期)和国家时期,国家时期又分为农业社会、工业社会和后工业(信息)社会三个阶段。在前农业社会,有:1)神话、2)仪式、3)典礼、4)习俗。农业社会以传统、宗教规范、商业习惯等规范丰富了人类。工业社会巩固了:法律规范和政治规范,这些规范最大限度地表明了自己的立场。在信息社会中,下列规范变得重要起来:礼仪规范、审美规范、道德标准。作者得出以下结论。社会监管机构体系相当广泛。在经济转型的过程中,人类不断发展出越来越多符合社会实际的有效调控方式。社会规范不是同时产生的,而是逐渐积累其潜力而成熟起来的。未来,当更进步的规范进入人类生存的舞台时,之前产生的规范不会消失,而是退居幕后,在社会生活的秩序中扮演次要的角色。今天,法律是监管的主要手段。然而,法律并不能保证在未来发挥主导作用,因为具有更强大监管潜力的规范(例如道德)已经被创造出来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Law in the Social Regulators System: Is its Future Cloudless?
A developing system of social norms is based on such a criterion as a way of regulation or a way of ordering, normalizing and stabilizing the society. At the same time, an evolutionary key is used, i.e., the historical time of the appearance of a particular type of norms, which makes it possible to see how the relay race of social norms took place, to trace the entire path of development of social regulation. The society in its development has passed two epochs: the pre-state period (the era of the primitive system and the transition of society from anthropology gathering to production) and the state period that in turn, is divided into three stages: agrarian, industrial, post-industrial (information) society. In a pre-agrarian society, there were: 1) myths, 2) rituals, 3) ceremonies, 4) customs. The agrarian society enriched the mankind with such norms as: 5) traditions, 6) religious norms, 7) business habits. The industrial society consolidated: 8) legal norms, 9) political norms that declared themselves to the utmost. In the information society, the following norms become significant: 10) etiquette norms, 11) aesthetic norms, 12) moral standards.The author draws the following conclusions. The system of social regulators is quite extensive. In the process of economic transformation, the humanity has been developing more and more effective ways of regulation that correspond to social reality. Social norms did not arise simultaneously, but matured gradually accumulating their potential. In the future, when more progressive norms enter the arena of human existence, the previously arisen norms will not disappear, but will recede into the background and perform a secondary role in ordering the life of the society. Law today is the main means of regulation. However, law is by no means guaranteed a leading role in the future, since norms with a more powerful regulatory potential (for example, morality) have been created.
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