是时候重新组织了!葡萄牙反紧缩抗议的结构

Britta Baumgarten
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引用次数: 6

摘要

社会运动研究通常关注成功的阶段和大型抗议活动。相比之下,本研究对社会运动中组织变革如何发生的问题感兴趣,指出了低抗议活动阶段的重要性。葡萄牙反紧缩抗议活动的组织结构提供了一个发人深省的案例,因为由工会以外的民间社会行动者组织的大型抗议活动在2011年是一种新鲜事物。此外,长期没有大规模抗议活动,抗议活动的组织结构发生了重大变化。根据2011年9月至2013年3月在葡萄牙的实地考察,我将组织反对紧缩的抗议活动分为四个阶段。我认为,主要是在行动主义程度较低的时期——社会运动研究很少考虑到这一时期——才会导致社会运动的组织结构发生根本性变化。分析了以下因素对变革方向的影响:(a)战略选择;(b)价值观和规范性承诺;(c)(潜在的)联盟和参与者;(d)从其他社会运动活动中得到的启示;(e)学习过程,社会运动的历史和记忆的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Time to Get Re-Organized! The Structure of the Portuguese Anti-Austerity Protests
Social movement research often focusses on phases of success and large protest events. By contrast, taking an interest in the question of how organizational change occurs within social movements, this study points out the importance of phases of low protest activity. The organizational structure of the Portuguese anti-austerity protests provides a thought-provoking case, as large protests organized by civil society actors other than the trade unions were a novelty in 2011. Furthermore, there are long periods of absence of large protests, and the organizational structure of the protests has undergone significant changes. Based on fieldwork in Portugal between September 2011 and March 2013, I differentiate between four phases in the organization of protests against austerity. I argue that it is mainly times of low degrees of activism – times that are rarely taken into account by social movement research – that lead to radical changes in the organizational structure of a social movement. The impact of the following factors on the direction of change is analyzed: (a) strategic choice; (b) values and normative commitments; (c) (potential) alliances and participants; (d) inspiration from other cases of social movement activism; and (e) learning processes, the history of social movements and the impact of memory.
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