How should human resources be managed? From comparing models of staff development in a German and Russian professional service firm: a conventionalist approach

This paper seeks to advance research on how ideals of human resource management (HRM) differ cross-nationally by examining the typical plurality of HRM models within organisations. Drawing on French convention theory, we argue that HRM incorporates a compromise between market, industrial and domestic models of managing and that the way in which they are invoked within organisations differs across settings. Examining stories of experiences with staff development in two professional service firms in Germany and Russia, we investigate the importance and the alignment of HRM models as well as their appreciation among organisational members. Findings reveal that the German firm is characterised by the predominance of the industrial model, a high degree of compromises and similar priorities of managers and employees. In contrast, the Russian firm shows lack of a dominant model, a low degree of compromises and different priorities between managers and employees. By comparing the typical plurality of HRM models, we gain a deeper understanding of the tensions associated with HRM within organisations and the different sources of agreements across settings.